Universal
Declaration of Human Rights
It was adopted
by the U.N. Assembly on December 10, 1948. It is a statement of normal
standards to be followed by all nations.
It guarantees
international peace and prosperity. It stresses the fact that everyone has the
rights to life, liberty and security, equality before law, freedom of movement
etc. Irrespective of race, religion, sex or language.
International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Headquarters
: London.
It was established as a
specialised agency of the UN by the UN Maritime Conference at Geneva in 1948.
International Labour Organisation (ILO) Headquarters
: Geneva.
It was
established in 1919 as an autonomous part of the League of Nations. It is an
intergovermental agency with a tripartite structure, in which representatives
of governments, employers and workers participate. In 1969 it won the Nobel
Peace Prize.
Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) Headquarters
: Rome.
The UN
Conference on Food and Agriculture held in May 1943, at Hot springs, Virginia,
set up an Interim Commission in Washington in July 1943 to plan the Food and
Agricultural Organisation, which came into being on 16th October 1945. FAO
sponsers the World Food Programme.
United Nations, Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organisation (UNESCO)
Headquarters : Paris.
A Conference
for the establishment of an Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
of
the United Nations was convened by the Goverment of France, and met in
London, 1 to 16 Nov. 1945. UNESCO came into being on 4th November 1946.
The main purpose of UNESCO is
to promote peace and security in the world by promoting collaboration among the
nations through education, science and culture in order that people may have
respect for justice, for the rule of law, for human rights and fundamental
freedoms irrespective of race, sex, language and religion.
United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund
(UNICEF)
Headquarters : USA.
It was founded
in 1946 by the General Assembly. It was established to deliver post-war relief
to children and it aims at improving the quality of life for children and
mother in developing countries. UNICEF is not financed by the U.N. budget but
by voluntary contributions from governments and individuals.